共产主义是无产阶级的整个思想体系，同时又是一种新的社会制度。这种思想体系和社会制度，是区别于任何别的思想体系和任何别的社会制度的，是自有人类历史以来，最完全最进步最革命最合理的。封建主义的思想体系和社会制度，是进了历史博物馆的东西了。资本主义的思想体系和社会制度，已有一部分进了博物馆（在苏联）；其余部分，也已“日薄西山，气息奄奄，人命危浅，朝不虑夕”，快进博物馆了。惟独共产主义的思想体系和社会制度，正以排山倒海之势，雷霆万钧之力，磅礴于全世界，而葆其美妙之青春。
——《新民主主义论》（一九四零年一月），《毛泽东选集》第二卷第六七九页 
Communism is at once a complete system of proletarian ideology and a new social system. It is different from any other ideological and social system, and is the most complete, progressive, revolutionary and rational system in human history. The ideological and social system of feudalism has a place only in the museum of history. The ideological and social system of capitalism has also become a museum piece in one part of the world (in the Soviet Union), while in other countries it resembles "a dying person who is sinking fast, like the sun setting beyond the western hills", and will soon be relegated to the museum. The communist ideological and social system alone is full of youth and vitality, sweeping the world with the momentum of an avalanche and the force of a thunderbolt.
― "On New Democracy" (January 1940), Selected Works, Vol. II, pp. 360-61.*

社会主义制度终究要代替资本主义制度，这是一个不以人们自己的意志为转移的客观规律。不管反动派怎样企图阻止历史车轮的前进，革命或迟或早总会发生，并且将必然取得胜利。
——《在苏联最高苏维埃庆祝伟大的十月社会主义革命四十周年会议上的讲话》（一九五七年十一月六日），人民出版社版第五页 
The socialist system will eventually replace the capitalist system; this is an objective law independent of man's will. However much the reactionaries try to hold back the wheel of history, sooner or later revolution will take place and will inevitably triumph.
― "Speech at the Meeting of the Supreme Soviet of the U.S.S.R. in Celebration of the 40th Anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution" (November 6, 1957).

我们共产党人从来不隐瞒自己的政治主张。我们的将来纲领或最高纲领，是要将中国推进到社会主义社会和共产主义社会去的，这是确定的和毫无疑义的。我们的党的名称和我们的马克思主义的宇宙观，明确地指明了这个将来的、无限光明的、无限美妙的最高理想。
——《论联合政府》（一九四五年四月二十四日），《毛泽东选集》第三卷第一零五九页 
We Communists never conceal our political views. Definitely and beyond all doubt, our future or maximum programme is to carry China forward to socialism and communism. Both the name of our Party and our Marxist world outlook unequivocally point to this supreme ideal of the future, a future of incomparable brightness and splendour.
― "On Coalition Government" (April 24, 1945), Selected Works, Vol. III, p. 282.*

中国共产党领导的整个中国革命运动，是包括民主主义革命和社会主义革命两个阶段在内的全部革命运动；这是两个性质不同的革命过程，只有完成了前一个革命过程才有可能去完成后一个革命过程。民主主义革命是社会主义革命的必要准备，社会主义革命是民主主义革命的必然趋势。而一切共产主义者的最后目的，则是在于力争社会主义社会和共产主义社会的最后的完成。
——《中国革命和中国共产党》（一九三九年十二月），《毛泽东选集》第二卷第六四六页 
Taken as a whole, the Chinese revolutionary movement led by the Communist Party embraces the two stages, i.e., the democratic and the socialist revolutions, which are two essentially different revolutionary processes, and the second process can be carried through only after the first has been completed. The democratic revolution is the necessary preparation for the socialist revolution, and the socialist revolution is the inevitable sequel to the democratic revolution. The ultimate aim for which all communists strive is to bring about a socialist and communist society.
― "The Chinese Revolution and the Chinese Communist Party" (December 1939), Selected Works, Vol. II, pp. 330-31.*

社会主义革命的目的是为了解放生产力。农业和手工业由个体所有制变为社会主义的集体所有制，私营工商业由资本主义所有制变为社会主义所有制，必然使生产力大大地获得解放。这样就为大大地发展工业和农业的生产创造了社会条件。
——《在最高国务会议上的讲话》（一九五六年一月二十五日），一九五六年一月二十六日《人民日报》 
Socialist revolution aims at liberating the productive forces. The change-over from individual to socialist, collective ownership in agriculture and handicrafts and from capitalist to socialist ownership in private industry and commerce is bound to bring about a tremendous liberation of the productive forces. Thus the social conditions are being created for a tremendous expansion of industrial and agricultural production.
― "Speech at the Supreme State Conference" (January 25, 1956).

我们现在不但正在进行关于社会制度方面的由私有制到公有制的革命，而且正在进行技术方面的由手工业生产到大规模现代化机器生产的革命，而这两种革命是结合在一起的。在农业方面，在我国的条件下（资本主义国家内是使农业资本主义化），则必须先有合作化，然后才能使用大机器。由此可见，我们对于工业和农业、社会主义的工业化和社会主义的农业改造这样两件事，决不可以分割起来和互相孤立起来去看，决不可以只强调一方面，减弱另一方面。
——《关于农业合作化问题》（一九五五年七月三十一日），人民出版社版第二三——二四页
We are now carrying out a revolution not only in the social system, the change from private to public ownership, but also in technology, the change from handicraft to large-scale modern machine production, and the two revolutions are interconnected. In agriculture, with conditions as they are in our country co-operation must precede the use of big machinery (in capitalist countries agriculture develops in a capitalist way). Therefore we must on no account regard industry and agriculture, socialist industrialization and the socialist transformation of agriculture as two separate and isolated things, and on no account must we emphasize the one and play down the other.
― "On the Question of Agricultural Co-operation" (July 51, 1955), 3rd ed., pp. 19-20.

新的社会制度还刚刚建立，还需要有一个巩固的时间。不能认为新制度一旦建立起来就完全巩固了，那是不可能的。需要逐步地巩固。要使它最后巩固起来，必须实现国家的社会主义工业化，坚持经济战线上的社会主义革命，还必须在政治战线和思想战线上，进行经常的、艰苦的社会主义革命斗争和社会主义教育。除了这些以外，还要有各种国际条件的配合。
——《在中国共产党全国宣传工作会议上的讲话》（一九五七年三月十二日），人民出版社版第二页
The new social system has only just been established and requires time for its consolidation. It must not be assumed that the new system can be completely consolidated the moment it is established, for that is impossible. It has to be consolidated step by step. To achieve its ultimate consolidation, it is necessary not only to bring about the socialist industrialization of the country and persevere in the socialist revolution on the economic front, but to carry on constant and arduous socialist revolutionary struggles and socialist education on the political and ideological fronts. Moreover, various contributory international factors are required.
― "Speech at the Chinese Communist Party's National Conference on Propaganda Work" (March 12, 1957), 1st pocket ed., p. 2.*

在我国，巩固社会主义制度的斗争，社会主义和资本主义谁战胜谁的斗争，还要经过一个很长的历史时期。但是，我们大家都应该看到，这个社会主义的新制度是一定会巩固起来的。我们一定会建设一个具有现代工业、现代农业和现代科学文化的社会主义国家。
——《在中国共产党全国宣传工作会议上的讲话》（一九五七年三月十二日），人民出版社版第二页
In China the struggle to consolidate the socialist system, the struggle to decide whether socialism or capitalism will prevail, will still take a long historical period. But we should all realize that the new system of socialism will unquestionably be consolidated. We can assuredly build a socialist state with modern industry, modern agriculture, and modern science and culture.
― Ibid., pp. 2-3.

对于我们的国家抱着敌对情绪的知识分子，是极少数。这种人不喜欢我们这个无产阶级专政的国家，他们留恋旧社会。一遇机会，他们就会兴风作浪，想要推翻共产党，恢复旧中国。这是在无产阶级和资产阶级两条路线、社会主义和资本主义两条路线中间，顽固地要走后一条路线的人。这后一条路线，在实际上是不能实现的，所以他们实际上是准备投降帝国主义、封建主义和官僚资本主义的人。这种人在政治界、工商界、文化教育界、科学技术界、宗教界里都有，这是一些极端反动的人。
——《在中国共产党全国宣传工作会议上的讲话》（一九五七年三月十二日），人民出版社版第三页
The number of intellectuals who are hostile to our state is very small. They do not like our state, i.e., the dictatorship of the proletariat, and yearn for the old society. Whenever there is an opportunity they will stir up trouble and attempt to overthrow the Communist Party and restore the old China. As between the proletarian and the bourgeois roads, as between the socialist and the capitalist roads, these people stubbornly choose to follow the latter. In fact this road is impossible, and in fact, therefore, they are ready to capitulate to imperialism, feudalism and bureaucrat-capitalism. Such people are to be found in political circles and in industrial and commercial, cultural and educational, scientific and technological and religious circles, and they are extremely reactionary.
― Ibid., pp. 3-4.

严重的问题是教育农民。农民的经济是分散的，根据苏联的经验，需要很长的时间和细心的工作，才能做到农业社会化。没有农业社会化，就没有全部的巩固的社会主义。
——《论人民民主专政》（一九四九年六月三十日），《毛泽东选集》第四卷第一四八二页
The serious problem is the education of the peasantry. The peasant economy is scattered, and the socialization of agriculture, judging by the Soviet Union's experience, will require a long time and painstaking work. Without socialization of agriculture, there can be no complete, consolidated socialism.
― "On the People's Democratic Dictatorship" (June 30, 1949), Selected Works, Vol. IV, p. 419.

我们必须相信：（1）广大农民是愿意在党的领导下逐步地走上社会主义道路的；（2）党是能够领导农民走上社会主义道路的。这两点是事物的本质和主流。
——《关于农业合作化问题》（一九五五年七月三十一日），人民出版社版第二一页
We must have faith, first, that the peasant masses are ready to advance step by step along the road of socialism under the leadership of the Party, and second, that the Party is capable of leading the peasants along this road. These two points are the essence of the matter, the main current.
― "On the Question of Agricultural Co-operation" (July 31, 1955), 3rd ed., p. 18.*

合作社的领导机关必须建立现有贫农和新下中农在领导机关中的优势，而以老下中农和新老两部分上中农作为辅助力量，才能按照党的政策实现贫农和中农的团结，巩固合作社，发展生产，正确地完成整个农村的社会主义改造。没有这个条件，中农和贫农就不能团结，合作社就不能巩固，生产就不能发展，整个农村的社会主义改造就不能实现。
——《长沙县高山乡武塘农业生产合作社是行政机关从中农占优势转变为贫农占优势的》一文的按语（一九五五年），《中国农村的社会主义高潮》中册第八五七页
The leading bodies in co-operatives must establish the dominant position of the poor peasants and the new lower middle peasants in these bodies, with the old lower middle peasants and the upper middle peasants - whether old or new - as the supplementary force. Only thus can unity between the poor and middle peasants be attained, the co-operatives be consolidated, production be expanded and the socialist transformation of the entire countryside be correctly accomplished in accordance with the Party's policy. Otherwise, unity between the middle and poor peasants cannot be attained, the co-operatives cannot be consolidated, production cannot be expanded, and the socialist transformation of the entire countryside cannot be achieved.
― Introductory note to "How Control of the Wutang Co-operative Shifted from the Middle to the Poor Peasants" (1955), The Socialist Upsurge in China's Countryside, Chinese ed., Vol. II.

中农是必须团结，不团结中农是错误的。但是工人阶级和共产党，在农村中，依靠什么人去团结中农，实现整个农村的社会主义改造呢？当然只有贫农。在过去向地主作斗争、实行土地改革的时候是这样，在现在向富农和其他资本主义因素作斗争实行农业的社会主义改造的时候，也是这样。在两个革命时期，中农在开始阶段都是动摇的。等到看清了大势，革命将要胜利的时候，中农才会参加到革命方面来。贫农必须向中农做工作，把中农团结到自己方面来，使革命一天一天地扩大，直到取得最后的胜利。
——《福安县发生“中农社”和“贫农社”的教训》一文的按语（一九五五年），《中国农村的社会主义高潮》中册第七零一页
It is essential to unite with the middle peasants, and it is wrong not to do so. But on whom must the working class and the Communist Party rely in the countryside in order to unite with the middle peasants and realize the socialist transformation of the entire countryside? Surely on none other than the poor peasants. That was the case when the struggle against the landlords was being waged and the land reform was being carried out, and that is the case today when the struggle against the rich peasants and other capitalist elements is being waged to achieve the socialist transformation of agriculture. In both these revolutionary periods, the middle peasants wavered in the initial stages. It is only after they clearly see the general trend of events and the approaching triumph of the revolution that the middle peasants will come in on the side of the revolution. The poor peasants must work on the middle peasants and win them over, so that the revolution will broaden from day to day until final victory.
― Introductory note to "The Lesson of the 'Middle-Peasant Cooperative' and the 'Poor-Peasant Co-operative' in Fuan County" (1955), The Socialist Upsurge in China's Countryside, Chinese ed., Vol. II.

富裕农民中的资本主义倾向是严重的。只要我们在合作化运动中，乃至以后一个很长的时期内，稍微放松了对于农民的政治工作，资本主义倾向就会泛滥起来。
——《必须对资本主义倾向作坚决的斗争》一文按语（一九五五年），《中国农村的社会主义高潮》上册第三五三页
There is a serious tendency towards capitalism among the well-to-do peasants. This tendency will become rampant if we in the slightest way neglect political work among the peasants during the co-operative movement and for a very long period after.
― Introductory note to "A Resolute Struggle Must Be Waged Against the Tendency Towards Capitalism" (1955), The Socialist Upsurge in China's Countryside, Chinese ed., Vol. I.

农业合作化运动，从一开始，就是一种严重的思想的和政治的斗争。每一个合作社，不经过这样的一场斗争，就不能创立。一个崭新的社会制度要从旧制度的基地上建立起来，它就必须清除这个基地。反映旧制度的旧思想的残余，总是长期地留在人们的头脑里，不愿意轻易地退走的。合作社建立以后，还必须经过许多的斗争，才能使自己巩固起来。巩固了以后，只要一松劲，又可能垮台。
——《严重的教训》一文的按语（一九五五年），《中国农村的社会主义高潮》上册第一二三页
The agricultural co-operative movement has been a severe ideological and political struggle from the very beginning. No cooperative can be established without going through such a struggle. Before a brand-new social system can be built on the site of the old, the site must be swept clean. Invariably, remnants of old ideas reflecting the old system remain in people's minds for a long time, and they do not easily give way. After a co-operative is established, it must go through many more struggles before it can be consolidated. Even then, the moment it relaxes its efforts it may collapse.
― Introductory note to "A Serious Lesson" (1955), The Socialist Upsurge in China's Countryside, Chinese ed., Vol. I.

在最近几年中间，农村中的资本主义自发势力一天一天地在发展，新富农已经到处出现，许多富裕中农力求把自己变为富农。许多贫农，则因为生产资料不足，仍然处于贫困地位，有些人欠了债，有些人出卖土地，或者出租土地。这种情况如果让它发展下去，农村中向两极分化的现象必然一天一天地严重起来。失去土地的农民和继续处于贫困地位的农民将要埋怨我们，他们将说我们见死不救，不去帮助他们解决困难。向资本主义方向发展的那些富裕中农也将对我们不满，因为我们如果不想走资本主义的道路的话，就永远不能满足这些农民的要求。在这种情况之下，工人和农民的同盟能够继续巩固下去吗？显然是不能够的。这个问题，只有在新的基础之上才能获得解决。这就是在逐步地实现社会主义工业化和逐步地实现对于手工业、对于资本主义工商业的社会主义改造的同时，逐步地实现对于整个农业的社会主义的改造，即实行合作化，在农村中消灭富农经济制度和个体经济制度，使全体农村人民共同富裕起来。我们认为只有这样，工人和农民的联盟才能获得巩固。
——《关于农业合作化问题》（一九五五年七月三十一日），人民出版社版第三一——三二页
The spontaneous forces of capitalism have been steadily growing in the countryside in recent years, with new rich peasants springing up everywhere and many well-to-do middle peasants striving to become rich peasants. On the other hand, many poor peasants are still living in poverty for lack of sufficient means of production, with some in debt and others selling or renting out their land. If this tendency goes unchecked, the polarization in the countryside will inevitably be aggravated day by day. Those peasants who lose their land and those who remain in poverty will complain that we are doing nothing to save them from ruin or to help them overcome their difficulties. Nor will the well-to-do middle peasants who are heading in the capitalist direction be pleased with us, for we shall never be able to satisfy their demands unless we intend to take the capitalist road. Can the worker-peasant alliance continue to stand firm in these circumstances ? Obviously not. There is no solution to this problem except on a new basis. And that means to bring about, step by step, the socialist transformation of the whole of agriculture simultaneously with the gradual realization of socialist industrialization and the socialist transformation of handicrafts and capitalist industry and commerce; in other words, it means to carry out co-operation and eliminate the rich-peasant economy and the individual economy in the countryside so that all the rural people will become increasingly well off together. We maintain that this is the only way to consolidate the worker-peasant alliance.
― "On the Question of Agricultural Co-operation" (July 31, 1955), 3rd ed., pp. 26-27.*

……统筹兼顾，是指对于六亿人口的统筹兼顾。我们作计划、办事、想问题，都要从我国有六亿人口这一点出发，千万不要忘记这一点。
——《关于正确处理人民内部矛盾的问题》（一九五七年二月二十七日），人民出版社版第二四页
By over-all planning we mean planning which takes into consideration the interests of the 600 million people of our country. In drawing up plans, handling affairs or thinking over problems, we must proceed from the fact that China has a population of 600 million people, and we must never forget this fact.
― "On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People" (February 27, 1957), 1st pocket ed. p. 47.

除了党的领导之外，六亿人口是一个决定的因素。人多议论多，热气高，干劲大。从来也没有看见人民群众象现在这样精神振奋，斗志昂扬，意气风发。
——《介绍一个合作社》（一九五作年四月十五日），人民出版社版第一页
In addition to the leadership of the Party, a decisive factor is our population of 600 million. More people mean a greater ferment of ideas, more enthusiasm and more energy. Never before have the masses of the people been so inspired, so militant and so daring as at present.
― "Introducing a Co-operative" (April 15, 1958).

除了别的特点之外，中国六亿人口的显著特点是一穷二白。这些看起来是坏事，其实是好事。穷则思变，要干，要革命。一张白纸，没有负担，好写最新最美的文字，好画最新最美的画图。
——《介绍一个合作社》（一九五作年四月十五日），人民出版社版第一——二页
Apart from their other characteristics, the outstanding thing about China's 600 million people is that they are "poor and blank". This may seem a bad thing, but in reality it is a good thing. Poverty gives rise to the desire for change, the desire for action and the desire for revolution. On a blank sheet of paper free from any mark, the freshest and most beautiful characters can be written, the freshest and most beautiful pictures can be painted.
― Ibid.

中国革命在全国胜利，并且解决了土地问题以后，中国还存在着两种基本的矛盾。第一种是国内的，即工人阶级和资产阶级的矛盾。第二种是国外的，即中国和帝国主义国家的矛盾。因为这样，工人阶级领导的人民共和国的国家政权，在人民民主革命胜利以后，不是可以削弱，而是必须强化。
——《在中国共产党第七届中央委员会第二次全体会议上的报告》（一九四九年三月五日），《毛泽东选集》第四卷第一四三四页
After the country-wide victory of the Chinese revolution and the solution of the land problem, two basic contradictions will still exist in China. The first is internal, that is, the contradiction between the working class and the bourgeoisie. The second is external, that is, the contradiction between China and the imperialist countries. Consequently, after the victory of the people's democratic revolution, the state power of the people's republic under the leadership of the working class must not be weakened but must be strengthened.
― "Report to the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China" (March 5, 1949), Selected Works, Vol. IV, p. 369.

“你们不是要消灭国家权力吗？”我们要，但是我们现在还不要，我们现在还不能要。为什么？帝国主义还存在，国内反动派还存在，国内阶级还存在。我们现在的任务是要强化人民的国家机器，这主要地是指人民的军队、人民的警察和人民的法庭，借以巩固国防和保护人民利益。
——《论人民民主专政》（一九四九年六月三十日），《毛泽东选集》第四卷第一四八零页 
"Don't you want to abolish state power?" Yes, we do, but not right now; we cannot do it yet. Why? Because imperialism still exists, because domestic reaction still exists, because classes still exist in our country. Our present task is to strengthen the people's state apparatus - mainly the people's army, the people's police and the people's courts - in order to consolidate national defence and protect the people's interests.
― "On the People's Democratic Dictatorship" (June 30, 1949), Selected Works, Vol. IV, p. 418.

我们的国家是工人阶级领导的以工农联盟为基础的人民民主专政的国家。这个专政是干什么的呢？专政的第一个作用，就是压迫国家内部的反动阶级、反动派和反抗社会主义革命的剥削者，压迫那些对于社会主义建设的破坏者，就是为了解决国内敌我之间的矛盾。例如逮捕某些反革命分子并且将他们判罪，在一个时期内不给地主阶级分子和官僚资产阶级分子以选举权，不给他们发表言论的自由权利，都是属于专政的范围。为了维护社会秩序和广大人民的利益，对于那些盗窃犯、诈骗犯、杀人放火犯、流氓集团和各种严重破坏社会秩序的坏分子，也必须实行专政。专政还有第二个作用，就是防御国家外部敌人的颠覆活动和可能的侵略。在这种情况出现的时候，专政就担负着对外解决敌我之间的矛盾的任务。专政的目的是为了保卫全体人民进行和平劳动，将我国建设成为一个具有现代工业、现代农业和现代科学文化的社会主义国家。
——《关于正确处理人民内部矛盾的问题》（一九五七年二月二十七日），人民出版社版第三——第四页
Our state is a people's democratic dictatorship led by the working class and based on the worker-peasant alliance. What is this dictatorship for? Its first function is to suppress the reactionary classes and elements and those exploiters in our country who resist the socialist revolution, to suppress those who try to wreck our socialist construction, or in other words, to resolve the internal contradictions between ourselves and the enemy. For instance, to arrest, try and sentence certain counterrevolutionaries, and to deprive landlords and bureaucrat-capitalists of their right to vote and their freedom of speech for a specified period of time - all this comes within the scope of our dictatorship. To maintain public order and safeguard the interests of the people, it is likewise necessary to exercise dictatorship over embezzlers, swindlers, arsonists, murderers, criminal gangs and other scoundrels who seriously disrupt public order. The second function of this dictatorship is to protect our country from subversion and possible aggression by external enemies. In that event, it is the task of this dictatorship to resolve the external contradiction between ourselves and the enemy. The aim of this dictatorship is to protect all our people so that they can devote themselves to peaceful labour and build China into a socialist country with a modern industry, agriculture, science and culture.
― "On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People" (February 27, 1957), 1st pocket ed., pp. 6-7.

人民民主专政需要工人阶级的领导。因为只有工人阶级最有远见，大公无私，最富于革命的彻底性。整个革命历史证明，没有工人阶级的领导，革命就要失败，有了工人阶级的领导，革命就胜利了。
——《论人民民主专政》（一九四九年六月三十日），《毛泽东选集》第四卷第一四八三页
The people's democratic dictatorship needs the leadership of the working class. For it is only the working class that is most far-sighted, most selfless and most thoroughly revolutionary. The entire history of revolution proves that without the leadership of the working class revolution fails and that with the leadership of the working class revolution triumphs.
― "On the People's Democratic Dictatorship" (June 30, 1949), Selected Works, Vol. IV, p. 421.

人民民主专政的基础是工人阶级、农民阶级和城市小资产阶级的联盟，而主要是工人和农民的联盟，因为这两个阶级占了中国人口的百分之八十到九十。推翻帝国主义和国民党反动派，主要是这两个阶级的力量。由新民主主义到社会主义，主要依靠这两个阶级的联盟。
——《论人民民主专政》（一九四九年六月三十日），《毛泽东选集》第四卷第一四八三页
The people's democratic dictatorship is based on the alliance of the working class, the peasantry and the urban petty bourgeoisie, and mainly on the alliance of the workers and the peasants, because these two classes comprise 80 to go per cent of China's population. These two classes are the main force in overthrowing imperialism and the Kuomintang reactionaries. The transition from New Democracy to socialism also depends mainly upon their alliance.
― Ibid. 

阶级斗争、生产斗争和科学实验，是建设社会主义强大国家的三项伟大革命运动，是使共产党人免除官僚主义、避免修正主义和教条主义，永远立于不败之地的确实保证，是使无产阶级能够和广大劳动群众联合起来，实行民主专政的可靠保证。不然的话，让地、富、反、坏、牛鬼蛇神一齐跑了出来，而我们的干部则不闻不问，有许多人甚至敌我不分，互相勾结，被敌人腐蚀侵袭，分化瓦解，拉出去，打进来，许多工人、农民和知识分子也被敌人软硬兼施，照此办理，那就不要很多时间，少则几年、十几年，多则几十年，就不可避免地要出现全国性的反革命复辟，马列主义的党就一定会变成修正主义的党，变成法西斯党，整个中国就要改变颜色了。请同志们想一想，这是一种多么危险的情景啊！
——《浙江省七个关于干部参加劳动的好材料》的批语（一九六三年五月九日），《关于赫鲁晓夫的假共产主义及其在世界历史上的教训》一文的引语，一九六四年七月十四日《人民日报》
Class struggle, the struggle for production and scientific experiment are the three great revolutionary movements for building a mighty socialist country. These movements are a sure guarantee that Communists will be free from bureaucracy and immune against revisionism and dogmatism, and will for ever remain invincible. They are a reliable guarantee that the proletariat will be able to unite with the broad working masses and realize a democratic dictatorship. If, in the absence of these movements, the landlords, rich peasants, counterrevolutionaries, bad elements and monsters were all allowed to crawl out, while our cadres were to shut their eyes to all this and in many cases fail even to differentiate between the enemy and ourselves but were to collaborate with the enemy and were corrupted, divided and demoralized by him, if our cadres were thus pulled out or the enemy were able to sneak in, and if many of our workers, peasants, and intellectuals were left defenceless against both the soft and the hard tactics of the enemy, then it would not take long, perhaps only several years or a decade, or several decades at most, before a counterrevolutionary restoration on a national scale inevitably occurred, the Marxist-Leninist party would undoubtedly become a revisionist party or a fascist party, and the hole of China would change its colour.
― Note on "The Seven Well-Written Documents of Chekiang Province Concerning Cadres' Participation in Physical Labour" (May 9, 1963), quoted in On Khrushchov's Phoney Communism and Its Historical Lessons for the World, pp. 7l-72.*

人民民主专政有两个方法。对敌人说来是用专政的方法，就是说在必要的时期内，不让他们参与政治活动，强迫他们服从人民政府的法律，强迫他们从事劳动并在劳动中改造他们成为新人。对人民说来则与此相反，不是用强迫的方法，而是用民主的方法，就是说必须让他们参与政治活动，不是强迫他们做这样做那样，而是用民主的方法向他们进行教育和说服的工作。
——《在中国人民政治协商会议第一届全国委员会第二次会议上的闭幕词》（一九五零年六月二十三日），一九五零后六月二十四日《人民日报》
The people's democratic dictatorship uses two methods. Towards the enemy, it uses the method of dictatorship, that is, for as long a period of time as is necessary it does not let them take part in political activities and compels them to obey the law of the People's Government and to engage in labour and, through labour, transform themselves into new men. Towards the people, on the contrary, it uses the method not of compulsion but of democracy, that is, it must necessarily let them take part in political activities and does not compel them to do this or that, but uses the method of democracy in educating and persuading them.
― "Closing speech at the Second Session of the First National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference" (June 23, 1950).

为了在更加巩固的基础上迅速发展中国的社会主义事业，中国人民正在共产党的领导之下进行一个生气勃勃的整风运动。这就是在城市和农村中对于社会主义和资本主义两条道路、国家的根本制度和重大政策、党政工作人员的工作作风、人民的生活福利等项问题，用摆事实讲道理的方法，有领导地自由地展开全民性的大辩论，用以正确地解决在人民内部实际存在而为当前所必需解决的各项矛盾问题。这是一个社会主义的人民自我教育、自我改造的运动。
——《在苏联最高苏维埃庆祝伟大的十月社会主义革命四十周年会议上的讲话》（一九五七年十一月六日），人民出版社版第八页
Under the leadership of the Communist Party, the Chinese people are carrying out a vigorous rectification movement in order to bring about the rapid development of socialism in China on a firmer basis. It is a movement for carrying out a nation-wide debate which is both guided and free, a debate in the city and the countryside on such questions as the socialist road versus the capitalist road, the basic system of the state and its major policies, the working style of Party and government functionaries, and the question of the welfare of the people, a debate which is conducted by setting forth facts and reasoning things out, so as correctly to resolve those actual contradictions among the people which demand immediate solution. This is a socialist movement for the self-education and selfremoulding of the people.
― "Speech at the Meeting of the Supreme Soviet of the U.S.S.R. in Celebration of the 40th Anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution" (November 6, 1957)

为了进行伟大的建设工作，在我们的面前，摆着极为繁重的任务。虽然我们有一千多万党员，但是在全国人口中仍然只占极少数。在我们的各个国家机关和各项社会事业中，大量的工作要依靠党外的人员来作。如果我们不善于依靠人民群众，不善于同党外的人员合作，那就无法把工作做好。在我们继续加强全党的团结的时候，我们还必须继续加强各民族、各民主阶级、各民主党派、各人民团体的团结，继续巩固和扩大我们的人民民主统一战线，必须认真地纠正在任何工作环节上的任何一种妨害党同人民团结的不良现象。
——《中国共产党第八次全国代表大会开幕词》（一九五六年九月十五日），《中国共产党第八次全国代表大会文献》人民出版社版第八页
Most arduous tasks lie ahead of us in the great work of construction. Although there are over I0 million members in our Party, they still constitute a very small minority of the country's population. In government departments and public organizations and enterprises much work has to be done by non-Party people. It is impossible to get this work well done unless we are good at relying on the masses and co-operating with non-Party people. While continuing to strengthen the unity of the whole Party, we must also continue to strengthen the unity of all our nationalities, democratic classes, democratic parties and people's organizations, and to consolidate and expand the people's democratic united front, and we must conscientiously get rid of every unhealthy manifestation in any link in our work that is detrimental to the unity between the Party and the people.
― "Opening Address at the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China" (September 15, 1956).